I will be upfront with you guys, I am not an expert at dialects. I have only lived in Kyoto, Gunma, and Tokyo, but never really picked up anything (I think. I am so bad at detecting dialects that my opinion on my pronunciation probably also means nothing).
Today I bring you a few phrases from different parts of Japan that you can use when talking to people to confuse them about where you might have learned Japanese. Even though I write a prefecture name, that does not mean that everyone in the prefecture necessarily uses that phrase.
Some dialects put the emphasis on different syllables, or they are not able to pronounce a certain sound so they replace it with a different one. I will not teach you the ins and outs of that, if you want to learn that grab an old person from the countryside and record them.
The sad part about dialects is that they are quickly disappearing. The proliferation of media has some part in it, but the biggest cause is the aging population in the countryside. The countryside is suffering from loss of young people (they move to places like Tokyo in search of jobs), and with less people around there are naturally less people speaking in the local dialect.
However, people don’t want to lose their heritage, so there are moves to preserve dialect. The singer of the video below, for example, only writes songs in Kansai dialect:
Onto the phrases!
*Ken means prefecture
Hello/こんにちは/Konnichiwa
Niigata-ken*: dandando-mo
(never been to Niigata, but just this greeting makes me want to go. It sounds cute)
Ishikawa-ken: maido-san/まいどさん
Toyama-ken: maido-san/まいどさん, maidohaya/まいどはや, maido-ookini/まいどさんおおきに
Osaka：maido/まいど
Kagoshima-ken：konchara-gowashita/こんちゃらごわした, konchara-gowasu/こんちゃらごわす
(Wow, that is quite a mouth-full)
Thank you/ありがとう／Arigato
Interesting thing to note: many of the dialects get their “arigato” from the phrase ”moshi wake nai” which means “sorry.” Thank you and sorry get mixed up a lot in Japanese due to the cultural background of giving thanks. You say “arigato” because you are receiving something rare, or something that took effort on the part of someone. This feeds into the belief that the person you received something from must have had to make an enormous sacrifice to help you and thus you should recognize the hardship they went through. It is only recently that “arigato” became an expression of pure thanks.
Iwate-ken：omosagenagansu/おもさげながんす
Yamagata-ken：mokkedano/もっけだの
Toyama-ken：kinodokuna/きのどくな
Nagano-ken: okatashike/おかたしけ
Tottori-ken：yokoso/ようこそ、yokosona-/ようこそなぁ
(very confusing because “yokoso” is “welcome.” As in, “Welcome to our country.”)
Good bye/さようなら/sayonara
Aomori-ken： seba/せば, heba/へば, ntanba/んだ, ndakkyaane/んだっきゃあね
Iwate-ken：omyo-nichi/おみょーにち, omyonudzu/おみょうぬづ
Niigata-ken：omichiyo-/おみちよー, omicho/おみちょ
Ishikawa-ken： oshizukani/おしずかに （lit. sounds like “go quietly.” Probably because they wish you a peaceful trip back home）
Nagano-ken：abana/あばな、abane/あばね
Good luck!/がんばって／ganbatte
Hokkaido：keppare/けっぱれ
Kyoto-fu：okibariyasu/おきばりやす
Kagoshima-ken：kibare/きばれ、kibaiyanse/きばいやんせ
Okinawa-ken：chibariyo/ちばりよー
I/わたし／watashi
Aomori-ken：wa/わ
Akita-ken：ora/オラ
Nara-ken：menme/めんめ （more used for “oneself”）
Tottori-ken：uchi/うち、uccha/うっちゃ
Kumamoto：odon/おどん
you/あなた／anata
Okayama-ken：jibun/じぶん （”jibun” usually means oneself/myself）
Tokushima：omahan/おまはん
Kagawa-ken： odore/おどれ （comes from “onore,” which is a bit of an aggressive way of saying “you”）
Kochi-ken：oman/おまん、omasan/おまさん
Fukushima-ken：kisan/きさん （comes from “kisama,” which is an aggressive way of saying “you” that is very much also sounds “manly.”）
cute/かわいい/kawaii
Hokkaido：menkoi/めんこい
Gunma-ken：mojikkoi/もじっこい
Ishikawa：ichakina/いちゃきな
Fukushima-ken：airashika/あいらしか
Okinawa-ken：ujirasan/うじらあさん
very/すごく／sugoku
(some of these have spread even to outside their prefectures. It’s like in the 90s when some people even outside of Massachusetts were using “wicked.” Only Americans would understand that reference, sorry.)
Hokkaido：namara/なまら
Yamagata-ken：bakani/ばがに
Aichi-ken：doerae/どえらぇ
Osaka：erai/えらい、meccha/めっちゃ
Oita-ken：gaato/があと
